Knowledge Management Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Information Management - Coursework Example Information the executives is profoundly dependent on individuals. The staff, the representatives all convey information about the organization and they are the ones that complete information the executives. Toward the day's end data innovation has an incredible impact yet the human factor is way greater and way progressively important. Data innovation will help in building up an information the board framework and the achievement will rely upon how well the data is sorted out and put away. The data anyway originates from the individuals. It is significant for them to be empowered by the association. There ought to be an extremely mindful, social and intuitive authoritative culture for information the executives to flourish. Frequently organizations used to confine access to data; regularly workers would not try imparting data to others with respect to their very own advancement or employment security. In any case, presently associations have modernized, they find a way to ensure tha t the way of life is progressively open, increasingly loose and everybody is more calm. Information sharing possibly happens when the way of life is available to it, individuals are at enough straightforwardness to open their brains up and share their insight with bosses and inferiors both. Information as opposed to capital or work is the main important asset an organization has as indicated by Drucker(1993). Capital and work are in reality quite unpredictable assets when you consider it. They furnish you with dependability however there is no assurance that they won’t leave you. Capital can be lost when confronted with an emergency, workers leave and every one of them don’t remain for quite a while yet information is one factor that is consistent. It tends to be put away in archives for a long time; it very well may be additionally dissected and dispersed. Each human procedure result is a key achievement factor which ought to be put away. All the created economies are presently moving from mechanical to information based economy as they understand the significance. Characterized extensively â€Å"KM is the procedure through which associations remove an incentive from their scholarly assets† (Kaplan, 2002). Scholarly resources for this situation are their representatives and administrators not the data innovation frameworks that an organization has. Representatives invest a great deal of energy in an organization; they get familiar with the sources of info, forms, yields. The experience they gain is incredibly important however elusive. This genuine data must be put away some place; a representative can leave whenever and can take the mastery to another association. Information the board is made in two measurements. One is to deal with the current information by making vaults, information gathering, game plan and arrangement. The second is the exercises of information obtaining, creation, circulation and application. (Stenmark, 2001) Knowl edge the board additionally comprises of regulating the information resources of the association which is the human asset. Information displaying is a procedure that helps in accomplishing those objectives. Information the board incorporates distinguishing and mapping information inside the association. The end objective is to create enough measure of information that the business can increase upper hand. Information the board additionally watches the entire lifecycle of an association, from the earliest starting point to the conceivable end. It perceives how the association has changed after some time, how it has adjusted to the outside ecological difficulties and how it got fruitful (Mathi, 2004).

Foundation and Empire 14. The Mutant Free Essays

string(30) finish on the off chance that you make speeches. The â€Å"hangar† on Kalgan is a foundation impossible to miss unto itself, conceived of the requirement for the manner of the tremendous number of boats acquired by the guests from abroad, and the concurrent and ensuing huge requirement for living facilities for the equivalent. The first brilliant one who had thought of the conspicuous arrangement had immediately gotten a mogul. His beneficiaries †by birth or money †were effectively among the most extravagant on Kalgan. We will compose a custom paper test on Establishment and Empire 14. The Mutant or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now The â€Å"hangar† spreads fatly over square miles of domain, and â€Å"hangar† doesn't depict it at all adequately. It is basically an inn †for ships. The voyager pays ahead of time and his boat is granted a compartment from which it can take off into space at any ideal second. The guest at that point lives in his boat as usual. The customary lodging administrations, for example, the substitution of food and clinical supplies at unique rates, basic adjusting of the boat itself, extraordinary intra-Kalgan transportation for an ostensible whole are to be had, obviously. Therefore, the guest consolidates shelter space and inn bill into one, at a sparing. The proprietors sell brief utilization of ground space at adequate benefits. The administration gathers gigantic duties. Everybody has some good times. No one loses. Straightforward! The man who advanced down the shadow-outskirts of the wide hallways that associated the endless wings of the â€Å"hangar† had in the past theorized on the oddity and convenience of the framework depicted above, yet these were reflections for inert minutes †unmistakably unacceptable at present. The boats hulked in their stature and broadness down the long queues of painstakingly adjusted cells, and the man disposed of line after line. He was a specialist at what he was doing now and if his starter investigation of the overhang library had neglected to give explicit data past the dubious sign of a particular wing †one containing several boats †his specific information could winnow those hundreds into one. There was the apparition of a moan in the quietness, as the man halted and blurred down one of the lines; a slithering creepy crawly underneath the notification of the egotistical metal beasts that refreshed there. To a great extent the shimmering of light from an opening would show the nearness of an early returner from the sorted out joys to less difficult †or increasingly private †delights of his own. The man ended, and would have grinned on the off chance that he at any point grinned. Unquestionably the convolutions of his cerebrum played out what might be compared to a grin. The boat he halted at was smooth and clearly quick. The quirk of its plan was what he needed. It was anything but a standard model †and nowadays the majority of the boats of this quadrant of the Galaxy either imitated Foundation plan or were worked by Foundation professionals. Be that as it may, this was unique. This was a Foundation transport †if simply because of the minuscule lumps in the skin that were the hubs of the defensive screen that lone a Foundation boat could have. There were different signs, as well. The man felt no dithering. The electronic boundary hung over the line of the boats as an admission to security with respect to the administration was not under any condition essential to him. It separated effectively, and without actuating the alert, at the utilization of the exceptional killing power he had available to him. So the primary information inside the boat of the gatecrasher without was the easygoing and practically amicable sign of the quieted ringer in the ship’s parlor that was the consequence of a palm put over the little photocell only one side of the fundamental airtight chamber. And keeping in mind that that fruitful inquiry went on, Toran and Bayta felt just the most unstable security inside the steel dividers of the Bayta. The Mule’s comedian who included revealed that inside his limited compass of body he held the noble name of Magnifico Giganticus, sat slouched over the table and ate at the food set before him. His dismal, earthy colored eyes lifted from his meat just to follow Bayta’s developments in the consolidated kitchen and larder where he ate. â€Å"The thanks of a frail one are of however little value,† he murmured, â€Å"but you have them, for really, in this previous week, little yet scraps have come my direction †and for all my body is little, yet is my hunger awkward great.† â€Å"Well, at that point, eat!† said Bayta, with a grin. â€Å"Don’t sit around idly time on much obliged. Isn’t there a Central Galaxy axiom about appreciation that I once heard?† â€Å"Truly there is, my woman. For an astute man, I have been told, once stated, ‘Gratitude is ideal and best when it doesn't dissipate itself in void phrases.’ But too bad, my woman, I am nevertheless a mass of void expressions, doubtlessly. At the point when my unfilled expressions satisfied the Mule, it presented to me a court dress, and a fantastic name †for, see you, it was initially essentially Bobo, one that satisfies him not †and afterward when my vacant expressions satisfied him not, it would bring upon my poor bones beatings and whippings.† Toran went into from the pilot room, â€Å"Nothing to do now yet pause, Bay. I trust the Mule is equipped for understanding that a Foundation transport is Foundation territory.† Magnifico Giganticus, once Bobo, opened his eyes wide and shouted, â€Å"How incredible is the Foundation before which even the coldblooded hirelings of the Mule tremble.† â€Å"Have you knew about the Foundation, too?† asked Bayta, with a little grin. â€Å"And who has not?† Magnifico’s voice was a puzzling murmur. â€Å"There are the individuals who state it is a universe of incredible enchantment, of flames that can devour planets, and insider facts of forceful quality. They state that not the most noteworthy respectability of the Galaxy could accomplish the respect and concession considered just the regular due of a straightforward man who could state ‘I am a resident of the Foundation,’ †were he just a rescue excavator of room, or a not at all like myself.† Bayta stated, â€Å"Now, Magnifico, you’ll never finish in the event that you make talks. You read Establishment and Empire 14. The Mutant in class Article models Here, I’ll get you a little seasoned milk. It’s good.† She put a pitcher of it upon the table and motioned Toran out of the room. â€Å"Torie, what are we going to do now †about him?† and she motioned towards the kitchen. â€Å"How do you mean?† â€Å"If the Mule comes, are we going to give him up?† â€Å"Well, what else, Bay?† He sounded irritated, and the motion with which he pushed back the clammy twist upon his brow vouched for that. He proceeded eagerly, â€Å"Before I came here I had a kind of ambiguous thought that all we needed to do was to request the Mule, and afterward get serious †just business, you know nothing, definite.† â€Å"I realize what you mean, Torie. I wasn’t much planning to see the Mule myself, however I thought we could get some firsthand information on the chaos, and afterward disregard it to individuals who discover somewhat more about this interstellar interest. I’m no storybook spy.† â€Å"You’re not behind me, Bay.† He collapsed his arms and grimaced. â€Å"What a circumstance! You’d never know there was an individual like the Mule, with the exception of this last eccentric break. Do you assume he’ll want his clown?† Bayta gazed toward him. â€Å"I don’t realize that I need him to. I don’t recognize what to state or do. Do you?† The inward ringer sounded with its discontinuous burring clamor. Bayta’s lips moved silently, â€Å"The Mule!† Magnifico was in the entryway, eyes wide, his voice a cry, â€Å"The Mule?† Toran mumbled, â€Å"I’ve got the opportunity to let them in.† A contact opened the isolated space and the external entryway shut behind the newcomer. The scanner demonstrated just a solitary shadowed figure. â€Å"It’s only one person,† said Toran, with open alleviation, and his voice was practically insecure as he twisted toward the sign cylinder, â€Å"Who are you?† â€Å"You’d better let me in and discover, hadn’t you?† The words came meagerly out the beneficiary. â€Å"I’ll illuminate you this is a Foundation transport and thusly Foundation domain by worldwide treaty.† â€Å"I know that.† â€Å"Come with your arms free, or I’ll shoot. I’m well-armed.† â€Å"Done!† Toran opened the internal entryway and shut contact on his impact gun, thumb floating over the weight point. There was the sound of strides and afterward the entryway swung open, and Magnifico shouted out, â€Å"It’s not the Mule. It’s however a man.† The â€Å"man† bowed to the comedian seriously, â€Å"Very exact. I’m not the Mule.† He held his hands separated, â€Å"I’m not equipped, and I please a tranquil task. You may unwind and take care of the impact gun. Your hand isn’t consistent enough for my tranquility of mind.† â€Å"Who are you?† asked Toran, tersely. â€Å"I may ask you that,† said the outsider, coolly, â€Å"since you’re the one under affectations, not I.† â€Å"How so?† â€Å"You’re the person who professes to be a Foundation resident when there’s not an approved Trader on the planet.† â€Å"That’s not really. How might you know?† â€Å"Because I am a Foundation resident, and have my papers to demonstrate it. Where are yours?† â€Å"I think you’d better get out.† â€Å"I think not. In the event that you know anything about Foundation strategies, and notwithstanding your imposture you may, you’d realize that in the event that I don’t return alive to my boat at a predefined time, there’ll be a sign at the closest Fou

How does Shakespeare present love in ‘A Midsummer Night’s Dream’? Essay

Shakespeare utilizes a wide range of subjects to introduce love; connections, struggle, enchantment, dreams and destiny. By and large, he presents it as something with the capacity to make us act unreasonably and stupidly. Inside A Midsummer Night’s Dream we see numerous instances of how being ‘in love’ can make somebody change their viewpoint totally. ‘The way of genuine affection never ran smooth’ is a remark produced using one of the primary characters, Lysander, which summarizes the play’s thought that sweethearts consistently face troublesome obstacles on the way to satisfaction and will normally transform them into maniacs. Shakespeare presents love through the relationship shared by Hermia and Lysander. This relationship, toward the beginning of the play, is depicted as the conventional genuine romance; Hermia decides to turn into a sister as opposed to wedding the man her dad has decided for her, for example, her bond with Lysander and aims for him, ‘I will tield my virgin patent up Unto his lordship’, and they choose to steal away, ‘Through Athens’ doors have we devis’d to steal.’ Be that as it may, as the play builds up our impression of their adoration varies, after Lysander is erroneously put under a spell implied for Demetrius he endeavors to seek after his new love, Helena, with no respect for Hermia, ‘Not Hermia yet Helena I love’, he currently treats Hermia as though she had consistently made no difference to him, ‘Should I harmed her, strike her, murder her dead? In spite of the fact that I abhor her, I’ll hurt her not so’, the enchantment elixir expels any positive feelings. He additionally presents love through the overwhelming relationship through the dad little girl figures shared by Egeus and Hermia inside the play. In the time the play was set the dad settled on the choice who his little girl would wed as a result of the male centric culture they lived in, ‘As she is mine, I may discard her’, anyway Egeus didn't picked Lysander to wed Hermia, he picked Demetrius, ‘all my privilege of her I do bequest unto Demetrius’. In spite of how they expected Hermia to obey them, she opposed her father’s will and battled for the love that she and Lysander shared, this shows how she was reluctant to follow society’s desires as adoration engages individuals to be autonomous and conflict with social standards, anyway Theseus, the King of Athens, cautioned her: ‘if you yield not to your father’s decision, you can persevere through the attire of a nun’, as he should implement the law as her father’s words are total and if Hermia decides to conflict with them she should confront the results. Different connections that speak to female force that is stifled by male authority are the ones common by Theseus and Hippolyta and Oberon and Titania. These two connections share numerous attributes, the two of them hold the title of King and Queen; Theseus and Hippolyta being the King and Queen of Athens and Oberon and Titania being the King and Queen of the Fairies yet in addition the male strength inside the connections. Theseus holds strength over Hippolyta as he reminds her ‘I charmed thee with my sword’, which could lead the peruser to expect that Hippolyta held a type of power before she was vanquished by the man she is currently ‘betrothed’ to. We likewise perceive how Oberon holds predominance over Titania by how he addresses her ‘am not I thy lord?’ and how he talks about her after she has denied him what he needs ‘thou shalt not from this woods Till I torment thee for this injury.’ Even however, Titania, dissimilar to Hippolyta, fights back to authorize her capacity in the relationship ‘Then I should by thy lady’ and blames him for ‘versing affection to passionate Phillida’, Oberon is tenacious that he remains control of Titania and along these lines utilizes his devoted entertainer, Puck, to utilize enchantment to mortify her as a discipline for slighting him. This shows how he accepts that ladies ought to obey men and follow all their orders; he rebuffs her by compelling her, by utilizing enchantment, to experience passionate feelings for Bottom who, at that point, was half human, half jackass. He does this to mortify and disgrace her to cause her to understand that s he is nothing without him. Since Oberon accepts that ladies are the substandard sex he feels for Helena, she is enamored with Demetrius and is happy to do anything for him ‘I am your spaniel’ in light of the fact that that is likewise how she accepts connections ought to be, he seems to support this acquiescence, in this manner he decides to make Demetrius fall frantically infatuated with her. The fake love given by Titania to Bottom shows how enchantment can copy the pragmatist climate given from genuine affection as both of those included can't perceive that it is bogus. Genuine affection can cloud judgment and Shakespeare shows how fake love can do likewise, Titania is persuaded Bottom is delightful despite the fact that he has the leader of a jackass ‘Thou workmanship as insightful as thou craftsmanship beautiful’. Base reacts to the excellent, mystical pixie queen’s dedication as nothing strange and that the entirety of the trappings of her love, including having hirelings go to him, are his legitimate due. His ignorance of the way that his head has been changed into that of an ass matches his failure to see the foolishness of the possibility that Titania would ever really become hopelessly enamored with him. In any case, Shakespeare utilizes Bottom to cause the audience’s to notice genuine topics, for example, the connection among the real world and creative mind. He is additionally the most sensible character in the play as he recognizes that Titania’s explanations about him aren’t valid, when Titania gives her adoration to him ‘On the principal view to state, to swear, I love thee.’, Bottoms reacts with ‘Methinks, paramour, you ought to have little purpose behind that’, likewise when Titania states ‘Thou workmanship as insightful as thou craftsmanship beautiful’ Bottom adjusts her with ‘Not thus, not one or the other: yet on the off chance that I had mind enough to escape this wood, I have enough to serve mine own turn’, indicating that he knows love and reason don’t regularly work at a similar level. Shakespeare additionally utilizes Bottom to help the crowd to remember a common topic in the play: regardless of whether love and reason can relate, and should cherish be founded on reason or dream? Shakespeare additionally presents love through clash, for instance, the kinship shared by Hermia and Helena show how even closest companions since youth can be betrayed each other when love is included. Shakespeare needs to show the crowd the incredible fellowship they share ‘Is all the insight that we two have shared, The sisters’ promises, the hours that we have spent’, ‘As if our hands, our sides, voices, and psyches Had been join. So we developed together,’, this at that point permits the crowd to see how serious love can be and how their solid fellowship immediately crumbled when they got engaged with the two men; their whole youth together is overlooked in a moment as the two of them start to contend, Hermia feeling cheated and thinking Helena was the one to fault ‘O me, you performer, you infection blossom,’ and Helena, thinking it is each of the a remorseless stunt against her ‘Lo, she is one of this alliance. Presently I see they have conjoined every one of the three To form this bogus game regardless of me. Shakespeare needed the crowd to acknowledge how the enchantment inside the play isn’t all to fault for the contention as it isn't the affection mixture which has had this impact on the ladies legitimately. Their relationship has changed totally, their fellowship before the contention differentiates significantly to the antagonistic vibe a short time later, all brought about by an insidious soul. Shakespeare presents love through the fairies’ enchantment which makes the comedic climate given all through the play. Shakespeare shows how enchantment twists genuine affection by how effectively Demetrius’ and Lysander’s hearts are controlled by Puck’s enchantment elixir. Toward the start of the play Shakespeare puts forth the attempt to show the crowd the solid and steadfast love Hermia and Lysander give to one another, ‘I am adored of beauteous Hermia’ is the means by which Lysander discusses Hermia before the adoration beguile is given occasion to feel qualms about him. Anyway after it is thrown he communicates his affections for his new genuine affection, Helena, very quickly, ‘Not Hermia, yet Helena I love!’. At the point when Lysander battles for Helena Shakespeare intentionally makes it practically incomprehensible for the crowd to differentiate between the two men, as he needs them to realize that all silly youthful sweethearts are similar.

Service Provision of Good Customer Service Technique - 1100 Words

Managing Customer Service: Provision of Good Customer Service Technique (Essay Sample) Content: Managing Customer ServiceNameProfessorCourseDate Managing Customer ServiceProvision of Good Customer Service TechniqueProviding excellent customer service will create loyal customers who will be willing to refer your business to colleagues, family, and friends. To provide customer service should start with a genuine desire to delight your customers but one needs to think beyond selling your products or services. The first step in making good customer service is to know your products or services in and out such that in case the customer asks common questions about the product, you will be able to answer them accordingly. The seller should know how the product or service works. The person dealing with the customers should be friendly to the customers. When dealing with customers face-to-face or even through telephone, the customer should be able to see or realize as smile through the voice every time they ask for help (Noble et al., 2015). It is always said that custome r service starts with a smile, the person should be ready to be friendly to the customer. Always, gratitude is memorable; it is good to thank you to the customer after every transaction or conversation, as a start of good customer service. It will remind your customers why hired your company or shop at your store. All the staff should be trained on how to interact, talk, and solve problems with customers (Conway Briner, 2015). It will help in providing the staff with skills and tools to carry out good customer service at any point in time they are interacting with customers. The staff handling customer service needs to show respect to the customers. It is through being respectful and courteous to the customers and avoiding a situation where personal emotions overtake the desire to make the customer leave happy. Presenting problems or Ideas in Customer ServiceIn any business organization, there is a protocol to follow when raising or presenting any issues or ideas. When the team han dling customer services has a problem or idea, they will present it to their supervisor who is in charge of their department. The supervisor will present the raised issue to the management and even offering some suggestions on how to solve it, as he/she will understand it better from the explanation forwarded from the customer representative teams. The management will respond to the issue immediately to avoid losing customers to the competitors.Conscious or Unconscious Customer QuestionsBefore customers make the decision to purchase, they will ask themselves questions consciously or unconsciously. Such questions include; will the product or service satisfy my need? Will I afford to buy the product? Is the product of the right quality? Is there any other alternative product or service? Will the product need any other cost after buying? In most cases, the questions will be about the price, quality, satisfaction, affordability and any costs incurred after buying the product (Keiningham et al., 2015). The customer will be trying to cage him/herself if the product will assist him/her as well as meeting the costs incurred when buying and after buying.Ways of learning good customer service skillsEmployees can learn good customer service skills in various ways. Training is one of the ways, as the employees will acquire various skills on how to interact and respond to frequent customer questions. The organization will frequently assess customer services offered by the employees, and if they realize any weaknesses or any improvement needed, they will organize training to equip the employees with the skills needed (Noble et al., 2015). Employees will also acquire customer service skills through experience. Since the employee will have been handling customer services for some time, he/she will have learned how to respond to common customers and how to respond to the customer beginning when the customer enters the business premises. Another way of learning customer service skills is through staff interaction and discussions. After a given period of working, the management can decide to have a staff forum to discuss how they have been working for sometime concerning customer service or any other activity. In the forum, the staff will explore their successes and weaknesses, and they will advise each other on how to deal with the customer. At the end of the forum, every employee will have learned how to improve on the successes and work on the weaknesses to meet the needs of the customers.Quality Products and ServicesFor the customer to receive quality products and services the organization should set the objectives or the standards of the product needed to meet customer satisfaction. Through the market assessment, the management with the help of the staff in the marketing department will develop the standard quality of the product needed in the market. Ti is after conducting a survey to ascertain the quality of the current products offered in the marke t, weaknesses of the products, and any improvement on the product to meet customer needs. As a result, the management will set quality standards about the survey conducted in the market (Conway Briner, 2015). Another entity is the external body, which is responsible for setting overall quality standards of certain products within a geographical area. In such cases, the quality standards of certain products should be equal, and it will be regulated by one entity. Examples of such entities include Bureau of Indian Standards, American National Standards Institute, and Brazilian National Standards Organization.Workplace ApplicationThe business operation involves day-to-day functions and activities of the business conducted with the aim of generating profits. In my workplace, starts from knowing the customer needs and demand in the market. After knowing the customer needs, the business will decide the quality and type of products to be produced to meet the customer needs and sustain st iff competition in the market (Keiningham et al., 2015). Producing quality products, which meet the customer needs, requires qualified staff to work on the production, serve customers and other departments as well as enough funds to support the general operation of the business. When all these factors are inco...

Phases of the Bacterial Growth Curve

Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that most commonly replicate by the asexual process of binary fission. These microbes reproduce rapidly at an exponential rate under favorable conditions. When grown in culture, a predictable pattern of growth in a bacterial population occurs. This pattern can be graphically represented as the number of living cells in a population over time and is known as a bacterial growth curve. Bacterial growth cycles in a growth curve consist of four phases: lag, exponential (log), stationary, and death. Key Takeaways: Bacterial Growth Curve The bacterial growth curve represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time.There are four distinct phases of the growth curve: lag, exponential (log), stationary, and death.The initial phase is the lag phase where bacteria are metabolically active but not dividing.The exponential or log phase is a time of exponential growth.In the stationary phase, growth reaches a plateau as the number of dying cells equals the number of dividing cells.The death phase is characterized by an exponential decrease in the number of living cells. Bacteria require certain conditions for growth, and these conditions are not the same for all bacteria. Factors such as oxygen, pH, temperature, and light influence microbial growth. Additional factors include osmotic pressure, atmospheric pressure, and moisture availability. A bacterial populations generation time, or time it takes for a population to double, varies between species and depends on how well growth requirements are met. Phases of the Bacterial Growth Cycle The bacterial growth curve represents the number of living cells in a population over time. Michal Komorniczak/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 3.0 In nature, bacteria do not experience perfect environmental conditions for growth. As such, the species that populate an environment change over time. In a laboratory, however, optimal conditions can be met by growing bacteria in a closed culture environment. It is under these conditions that the curve pattern of bacterial growth can be observed. The bacterial growth curve represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time. Lag Phase: This initial phase is characterized by cellular activity but not growth. A small group of cells are placed in a nutrient rich medium that allows them to synthesize proteins and other molecules necessary for replication. These cells increase in size, but no cell division occurs in the phase.Exponential (Log) Phase: After the lag phase, bacterial cells enter the exponential or log phase. This is the time when the cells are dividing by binary fission and doubling in numbers after each generation time. Metabolic activity is high as DNA, RNA, cell wall components, and other substances necessary for growth are generated for division. It is in this growth phase that antibiotics and disinfectants are most effective as these substances typically target bacteria cell walls or the protein synthesis processes of DNA transcription and RNA translation.Stationary Phase: Eventually, the population growth experienced in the log phase begins to decline as the available nutrients become depl eted and waste products start to accumulate. Bacterial cell growth reaches a plateau, or stationary phase, where the number of dividing cells equal the number of dying cells. This results in no overall population growth. Under the less favorable conditions, competition for nutrients increases and the cells become less metabolically active. Spore forming bacteria produce endospores in this phase and pathogenic bacteria begin to generate substances (virulence factors) that help them survive harsh conditions and consequently cause disease.Death Phase: As nutrients become less available and waste products increase, the number of dying cells continues to rise. In the death phase, the number of living cells decreases exponentially and population growth experiences a sharp decline. As dying cells lyse or break open, they spill their contents into the environment making these nutrients available to other bacteria. This helps spore producing bacteria to survive long enough for spore producti on. Spores are able to survive the harsh conditions of the death phase and become growing bacteria when placed in an environment that supports life. Bacterial Growth and Oxygen Campylobacter jejuni, shown here, is a microaerophilic organism requiring reduced levels of oxygen. C. jejuni is the bacterium which causes gastroenteritis. Henrik Sorensen/The Image Bank/Getty Images Bacteria, like all living organisms, require an environment that is suitable for growth. This environment must meet several different factors that support bacterial growth. Such factors include oxygen, pH, temperature, and light requirements. Each of these factors may be different for different bacteria and limit the types of microbes that populate a particular environment. Bacteria can be categorized based on their oxygen requirement or tolerance levels. Bacteria that can not survive without oxygen are known as obligate aerobes. These microbes are dependent upon oxygen, as they convert oxygen to energy during cellular respiration. Unlike bacteria that require oxygen, other bacteria can not live in its presence. These microbes are called obligate anaerobes and their metabolic processes for energy production are halted in the presence of oxygen. Other bacteria are facultative anaerobes and can grow with or without oxygen. In the absence of oxygen, they utilize either fermentation or anaerobic respiration for energy production. Aerotolerant anerobes utilize anaerobic respiration but are not harmed in the presence of oxygen. Microaerophilic bacteria require oxygen but only grow where oxygen concentration levels are low. Campylobacter jejuni is an example of a microaerophilic bacterium that lives in the digestive tract of animals and is a major cause of foodborne illness in humans. Bacterial Growth and pH Helicobacter pylori are microaerophilic bacteria found in the stomach. They are neutrophiles that secrete an enzyme that neutralizes stomach acid. Science Picture Co/Getty Images Another important factor for bacterial growth is pH. Acidic environments have pH values that are less that 7, neutral environments have values at or near 7, and basic environments have pH values greater than 7. Bacteria that are acidophiles thrive in areas where the pH is less than 5, with an optimal growth value close to a pH of 3. These microbes can be found in locations such as hot springs and in the human body in acidic areas such as the vagina. The majority of bacteria are neutrophiles and grow best in sites with pH values close to 7. Helicobacter pylori is an example of a neutrophile that lives in the acidic environment of the stomach. This bacterium survives by secreting an enzyme that neutralizes stomach acid in the surrounding area. Alkaliphiles grow optimally at pH ranges between 8 and 10. These microbes thrive in basic environments such as alkaline soils and lakes. Bacterial Growth and Temperature New Zealands Champagne Pool is a hot spring that contains a community of thermophilic and acidophilic microorganisms whose distribution relates to the temperature and chemical environment. Simon Hardenne/Biosphoto/Getty Images Temperature is another important factor for bacterial growth. Bacteria that grow best in cooler environments are called psycrophiles. These microbes prefer temperatures ranging between 4 °C and 25 °C (39 °F and 77 °F). Extreme psycrophiles thrive in temperatures below 0 °C/32 °F and can be found in places such as arctic lakes and deep ocean waters. Bacteria that thrive in moderate temperatures (20-45 °C/68-113 °F) are called mesophiles. These include bacteria that are part of the human microbiome which experience optimum growth at or near body temperature (37 °C/98.6 °F). Thermophiles grow best in hot temperatures (50-80 °C/122-176 °F) and can be found in hot springs and geothermal soils. Bacteria that favor extremely hot temperatures (80 °C-110 °C/122-230 °F) are called hyperthermophiles. Bacterial Growth and Light Cyanobacteria (blue) are photosynthesizing bacteria that are found in most habitats where water is present. Several spores (pink) are also seen. Steve Gschmeissner/Science Photo Library/Getty Images Some bacteria require light for growth. These microbes have light-capturing pigments that are able to gather light energy at certain wavelengths and convert it to chemical energy. Cyanobacteria are examples of photoautotrophs that require light for photosynthesis. These microbes contain the pigment chlorophyll for light absorption and oxygen production through photosynthesis. Cyanobacteria live in both land and aquatic environments and can also exist as phytoplankton living in symbiotic relationships with fungi (lichen), protists, and plants.   Other bacteria, such as purple and green bacteria, do not produce oxygen and utilize sulfide or sulfur for photosynthesis. These bacteria contain bacteriochlorophyll, a pigment capable of absorbing shorter wavelengths of light than chlorophyll. Purple and green bacteria inhabit deep aquatic zones. Sources Jurtshuk, Peter. Bacterial Metabolism. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 1 Jan. 1996, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7919/. Parker, Nina, et al. Microbiology. OpenStax, Rice University, 2017.Preiss, et al. Alkaliphilic Bacteria with Impact on Industrial Applications, Concepts of Early Life Forms, and Bioenergetics of ATP Synthesis. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Frontiers, 10 May 2015, www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2015.00075/full.

The Preface By William Lloyd Garrison - 3512 Words

The preface by William Lloyd Garrison describes the encounter between Frederick Douglass and Garrison, at an anti-slavery convention. It tells about how this encounter led to a long partnership between the two as well as Douglass’ involvement in the Anti-Slavery Society. At the convention the people noticed his appearance as well as his intellectual side. The crowd seemed to respond well to the idea of protecting Douglass against his owners. In the convent Garrison says Douglass’ testimony made the audience question their ideas about black being inferior. Garrison then goes on to talk about how any inferior ideas about a race are the cause of slavery. He describes the events where a shipwrecked whites where held as slaves by blacks in Africa because they were seen as inferior. He then goes on to point of that many slaves have endured a much harsher life then Douglass, and he points out how murder of slaves was not being investigated. In the preface there was a letter to Douglass from a Wendell Phillips, addressing Douglass as a friend. He says that he is happy the writing of former slaves is now being published and able to be but into history. The prior history of slave owning was by slave owners themselves and they left out very important details. He then goes on to say that he was astounded at the harsh ways he was treated in an area that was considered a less harsh area. He then goes on to talk about how since he put the real names of himself and of his masters he hasShow MoreRelatedThe Preface Starts Off By William Lloyd Garrison1695 Words   |  7 PagesThe preface starts off by William Lloyd Garrison describing his encounter with Frederick Douglass at an anti-slavery convention in Nantucket. Garrison tells us that Frederick Douglass made an escape from the southern prison house of bondage and that his speech at the convention was a memorable one. Frederick Douglass’s had eloquence and a skill of persuading. Connecting people’s minds and hearts to his words of description about the reality of slavery. The audience responded with great attentionRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass941 Words   |  4 Pagesanti-slavery abolitionists, William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips. In the preface of the narrative, William Lloyd Garrison credits Douglass by describing in detail Douglass’ impact on slavery and liberation. Garrison describes, â€Å"Whose minds he has enlightened on the subject of slavery, and who have been melted to tears by his pathos, or roused to virtuous indignation by his stirring eloquence against the enslavers of men!† (Douglass v). In this illustration, William Lloyd Garrison credits Douglass asRead MoreThe Abolition Movement Of The 1800s1547 Words   |  7 Pagesbecoming important, and crucial to the abolishment of slavery. The American Anti-Slavery Society played key roles in the abolition of slavery. The Anti-Slavery Society is what began the abolitionist movement. It was founded in Philadelphia by William Lloyd Garrison, Arthur and Lewis Tappan, and a few others. This ensemble issued the Declaration of the Anti-Slavery Convention; the Declaration of the Anti-Slavery Convention announced the reasons for formation of the society and establishing its goalsRead MoreThe Anti Slavery Movement By William Lloyd Garrison, Arthur And Lewis Tappan1580 Words   |  7 PagesThe Anti-Slavery Movement began to take shape in 1833. William Lloyd Garrison, Arthur and Lewis Tappan, and other members gathered in Philadelphia and formed the American Anti-Slavery Society. The group was created to provide perspective into slavery. Through the use of almanacs containing poems, drawings, essays, and other material, the Anti-Slavery Society was able to illustrate the horrors slavery. 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Douglass was afraid to stand up and tell his story, since he had no education and no public speaking skills. Garrison wants us to keep in mind that the most famous black man in the country is a former slave. This was a way of convincing the crowd of the wrongs ofRead MoreFrederick Douglass Rhetorical Analysis930 Words   |  4 Pagesrather than just going out to buy some. William Lloyd Garrison, the author of the preface, brings up a very interesting story while trying to prove Douglass’s credibility. A white slave is a sure thing to keep anyone reading a book, because it is such an uncommon idea. A sailor who is sold into slavery comes back, and he can no longer speak english! His mental deterioration is so terrible, that the language he grew up speaking is foreign to him (Garrison 7). This little story plays to the audienceRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1765 Words   |  8 Pagesrepresentation of Christianity from Douglass’ Narrative are who Douglass would call â€Å"true Christians† are William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Phillips. William Lloyd Garrison is the founder of the American Anti-Slavery Society. Garrison and Douglass met at an abolitionist convention in Nantucket in 1841. Garrison employs Douglass for the abolitionist cause after he hears Douglas speak at the convention. Garrison s tated, â€Å"I shall never forget his first speech at the convention- the extraordinary emotion itRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Rhetorical Analysis1050 Words   |  5 Pagescountless occasions throughout his autobiography, Douglass uses vivid, grotesque and gory imagery to make us feel pain for the slaves. In chapter one, he recounts the time is aunt Hester was whipped â€Å"until her red blood dripped to the floor† by Colonel Lloyd. Using pathos, Douglass also is able to establish parts of his tone. When describing the whippings and how slaves were treated like animals, any reasonable person would expect Douglass to be enraged. He likely was, but he kept a calm, cool, collectedRead MoreSelfdom in Slavedom: Gustavus Vassa1503 Words   |  7 Pagessettled life. On the other hand, Jacobs is born into slavery and raised by her grandmother. We see influences of her family throughout her life, from â€Å"looking up to [her grandmother] with a respect bordering upon awe† to relying on her brother, William, while she waits in the attic to desperately searching for just a view of her children to remind her why she must gain her freedom. Economic developments of the South that led to the reliance on slavery in general and reproduction to further the

The Effectiveness of the Young Shakespeare Award free essay sample

Research Questions To do this, the research questions – how effective is the Young Shakespeare Award in Jamaaluddin School, in terms of teaching and learning vocabulary? , what are the long term benefits of the award? and would this award help to bridge the gap between year seven and year eight when the students start their secondary schooling? – are taken as consideration. 1. 6 The significance of the study This research will help not only to learn about the ways in which they conduct the award, but also it will give the opportunity to gain a broader knowledge about teaching and learning vocabulary. Furthermore, this case study can be helpful for the education system as a whole and it can be used as an instrument for improvement of teaching and learning vocabulary in schools.Most importantly, it can also be a useful guide for the management of Jamaaluddin School to identify current situation in Shakespeare Award and can be used as a constructive guide for improving the outcome of the Award. We will write a custom essay sample on The Effectiveness of the Young Shakespeare Award or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2. 0 Methodology 2. 1 Setting This research is conducted in the Jamadudhdin School – one of the primary schools in male – aiming to identify the effectiveness of the Young Shakespeare Award in Jamaaluddin School, long term benefits the award and how it help to bridge the gap between year seven and eight. In order to get the information, observations and interviews were carried out inside and outside of the school campus, to study the case. 2. 2 Research Participants Participants for this research include teachers, parents and students who undertake the award now and the previous students. Programme in charge, five teachers, three parents, three students who are in Jamaaluddin now and three Shakespeare Award winners who are in year eight, nine and eleven were chosen for the project. 2. 3 Data CollectionIn this case study, small scale research was carried out in school where observations and interviews were conducted inside and outside the school. Observations were carried out for a period of one week to study the behavior, practices and routines of the award in the school. An interview was also carried with the programme in charge; five teachers, six students and three parents.

The Activity Based Costing Accounting Essay Essay Example

The Activity Based Costing Accounting Essay Essay 1.0 Introduction Over the old ages, there is barely any invention done in the direction accounting field, all that was done was merely minor betterments. Then Johnson and Kaplan came along and review that direction accounting is outdated. ( Otley 2008 ) The direction accounting during that clip was said to be excessively simple and impractical for determination devising. Thingss were made worst as modern directors tend to disregard the rating of stock list which in fact is closely tied to managerial determinations. ( Character 2001 ) Johnson and Kaplan criticize that the direction accounting system is giving the incorrect signals to directors for implementing the incorrect determination. ( Otley 2008 ) Harmonizing to Kaplan s 1984 paper Yesterday s accounting undermines production , it puts the incrimination on traditional cost accounting at the same clip brings up a new methodological analysis to replace the defects of traditional system which is known as Activity-based costing ( ABC ) . ( Geri A ; Ronen 2005 ) 2.0 Activity-based costing ( ABC ) 2.1 Introduction of ABC We will write a custom essay sample on The Activity Based Costing Accounting Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Activity Based Costing Accounting Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Activity Based Costing Accounting Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Introduction of ABC system can work out the issues caused by traditional bing accounting and it is proven that ABC provides better information in many countries particularly for budgeting and planning. It besides enhances strength in strategic decision-making and brings betterment in other concern countries. ( Mansor et al. 2012 ) . Besides, activity-based costing ( ABC ) was developed to work out the job with excess capablenesss because it includes direct task-resource costs every bit good as the allocated activity Centre costs. ( Stelling et al. 2010 ) Needy et Al. ( 2003 ) suggests that the stairss to implement procedure of ABC system are cost system rating, ABC design, ABC execution and system rating and proof. ( Ezzamel et al. 1990 ) ABC procedure should be a procedure of relentless and uninterrupted betterment alternatively of one-off event because it demands a basic head displacement by the direction. ( pg 173, Hughes 2005 ) . Activity-based costing has to travel through several stairss which are first placing the cost centers/activities to familiar all the activities to bring forth a merchandise. ( Ben 2002 ) Next will be taking the cost drivers used to execute activities. ( Simpson A ; Park 2005 ) Third, calculate a cost rate per cost driver unit or dealing and in conclusion define activity drivers for each activity and happen activity cost-driver rate. ( Ben 2002 ) 2.2 Debate on ABC system ABC is said to be a great system to be implemented. In fact, its system is said to be a redress for the restrictions of the traditional costing system. ( Mishra A ; Vaysman 2001 ) The system has legion benefic such as provides accurate bing appraisal, able to capture non-linearities in the production processes, assisting to integrate capacity-management and better the profitableness analysis of clients and providers. ( Mishra A ; Vaysman 2001 ) Taking all that into consideration, ABC system has truly played a good function particularly covering with high discrepancy of managerial private information. Though ABC is said to be a good system to be implemented in an organisation, the system itself is non perfect. This can be explain by giving excessively accurate informations to the direction may do issue as there is a hazard that these directors may used those information for their ownself involvement instead than for the stockholders. ( Mishra A ; Vaysman 2001 ) This is someway like the bureau theory. Besides that, it is besides of import to observe that ABC is less likely to be compatible in industries where managerial cognition, accomplishment, and attempt are non easy quantifiable. ( Mishra A ; Vaysman 2001 ) A considerable sum of expertness is besides needed for the successful execution of this system such as package development and high-technology manufacturing.A Furthermore, there are many houses who interested in implementing ABM system after comptrollers and operating directors had exposed to them. Even for little startup companies start developing ABC as PC-based patterning tool until today. ( Mansor et al. 2012 ) However, harmonizing to the recent article by Ness and Cucuzza [ 1995 ] , Player and Keys [ 1995 ] , Pattison and Arendt [ 1994 ] , many houses tried and failed utilizing the ABC system. It is said that the usual ground for such failure is due to their hapless execution procedure which is most likely caused by the deficiency of understanding of what ABC is, how it should be deployed and that the package was non IT integrated ( Sharman, 2003 ) . 3.0 Activity-based Budgeting ( ABB ) 3.1 Introduction of ABB Activity Based Budgeting ( ABB ) is a system that is utile in pull offing shared service sections by supplying deeper penetrations to their capacity use and resource allotment than a traditional budgeting system. ( Moustafa, 2005 ) It acts as a portion of activity based direction, being a budgeting methodological analysis to find forecasted costs of activities required for the production. The use of activity based costing in the budgeting procedure enables the directors to transform fixed costs into variable costs and to believe about the costs more objectively ( pg 114, Cooper and Kaplan, 1998 ) . Furthermore, ABB tends to disregard activities that do non make value. From this, we can see that ABB is a good cost planning commanding instrument every bit good as a supporter for cost efficiency. 3.2 Discussion on ABB Activity based budgeting is more accurate in analysing costs and ease the profitableness possibilities. ( Sharman 1996 ) This is because through the execution of this system, information sing production procedure betterment, pricing and client profitableness analyses can be gained. ( Sharman 1996 ) Furthermore, as the budgetary procedure gets worst in the gambling facet, ABB is said to be able to assist to counter this issue. The engagement of existent employees will besides be higher with the execution of ABB. To co-operate good with ABB system, house s internal value opportunity have to be concerned to derive existent strategic competitory advantage. ( Portal 1993 ) The cardinal rule for value in the house must be support of value to the concluding client in every activity performed inside the house. For that construct to be operationally realizable, an ABC process-based attack demands to be developed ( Cook et al. 2000 ) 3.3 Development of ABB Other authors ( Navistar and McKinny 1999 ; Tinkler and Dube 2002 ) suggested that ABB could be developed from ABC system by turning the ABC push system procedure into a back computation method in what may be called pull system . First it starts with making the basic ABC system which begins with the analysis of all occupations into their elaborate activities. ( Bengku, 2010 ) Next would be finding activity drivers, available capacity of each driver, rates of ingestion for each, and calculating the drivers cost rates based on cost records. Then, the pull system is introduced through the anticipation of the concluding end product of the activity. ( Bengku, 2010 ) Using ingestion rates, the estimated demand on the available capacity will be calculated. The consequence of this would be the prognostic theoretical account of ABB, which will uncover the degree of capacity use. 4.0 Activity-based Management ( ABM ) 4.1 Introduction of ABM ABM enables the organisation ( Kaplan A ; Cooper 1998 ) to carry through its results with fewer demands on organisational resources. As defined by CAM-I ( Consortium for Advanced Manufacturing-International, ABM is a system whereby it concentrates on the managerial facet of activities as a key to unlock the potency of the company to increase client value which will so better the profitableness of the company. There stand foring a displacement from a purely fiscal position to a wholesystem position due to increase in users of ABM system. Furthermore, it regains over the traditional cost accounting system by including both fiscal and non-financial informations in its coverage. ( Gupta A ; Galloway 2003 ) 4.2 Operational A ; Strategic ABM ABM works to heighten efficiency, lower costs and plus use. It can increase the capacity of resources by cut downing machine downtime, bettering or extinguishing wholly defective activities and procedures and increasing the efficiency of the organisation s resources. ( Pete, n.d ) Furthermore, it explores assorted ways a company can make and prolong a competitory advantage in the market place. ABM attempts to change the demand for activities to increase profitableness, encompasses determinations about merchandise design and development where the biggest chance for cost decrease exists, improves relationships with providers and clients. ( Pete, n.d ) 4.3 Debate on ABM Merely like ABC, ABM is said to be a great system to be implemented. The benefits from operational ABM can be measured by decreased costs, higher grosss through better resource use and cost turning away. ( Stefan n.d. ) Besides that, ABM system helps in prioritising quality betterment undertakings by bettering the truth of cost informations. They can supply information to assist measure capacity determinations by identify constrictions caused by inefficient equipment. ( Gupta A ; Galloway 2003 ) However, ABM fundamentally portions the same restriction as ABC system. Harmonizing to the other research workers ( Bescos et al. 2002 ; Cohen et al. 2005, Askarany and Yazdifar 2007 ) , the chief grounds for rejecting the execution procedure of ABC/ABM might be satisfaction with the bing traditional cost systems, deficiency of direction support and involvement, execution procedure associated with high costs and ingestion of clip and resources. 4.4 Development of ABM Fabrication has incurred some drastic alterations during the last 20 old ages, for case net incomes have shrunk and overhead has risen dramatically. ( Gupta A ; Galloway 2003 ) Due to such major alterations, directors are supposed to happen out why is there an addition in efficiencies but non in profitableness and fight. This is where ABM is implemented to help in this issue. There is a displacement from ABC to ABM has been supplemented by the widening of ABC/M application to different types of concern, to different functional specialisations within concern and to the complementarities of ABC/M to other new high-profile direction and accounting techniques ( pg 504, Bjornenak A ; Falconer 2002 ) . 5.0 Impact of the new thoughts on both companies and advisers 5.1 Xu Ji Electric Co. Ltd Xu Ji Electric Co. Ltd is a big private limited fabricating company in China ( Fei A ; Yu 2011 ) Xu Ji implemented ABC to one of its chief production divisions as the first test and so extends the usage of ABC in one of its subordinates and gross revenues maps. The execution of ABC solved issue of inaccuracy in traditional costing system. It is able to follow direct labor costs straight to merchandise every bit good as to apportion fabrication operating expenses on the footing of up-to-date direct labor hours. ( Fei A ; Yu 2011. ) There are rapid alterations in internal direction construction causes some activity cost drivers to be ignored. ( Geri A ; Ronen, 2005 ) Although there is some issues incurred while implementing ABC system such as compatibility of information system and misunderstanding of ABC constructs by IT coders, nevertheless it is solved and execution was successful. Overall, ABC has gained a positive feedback to obtain some accurate merchandise cost information compared to traditional system. ( Geri A ; Ronen, 2005 ) It besides helps the director to hold better apprehension in gross revenues activities and to hold a valid control over gross revenues disbursals and gross revenues companies. 5.2 Surveies in Australia s overall houses The survey is conduct by 17 Australian companies listed by ABC Learning Centers Ltd ( Australia 30/06/2006 Annual Report ) which already practising ABC system. It tells us how the impact of ABC affects the overall houses public presentation in Australia. Survey is carried out by giving out questionnaires, by phone and mail. We got the blessing for questioning participants with several inquiries. It seemed that the execution of ABC has convey a positive consequences to the houses with the aid of take downing production cost by happening out major costs for each of the merchandises every bit good as lowers down clients cost. ( Zaman 2009 ) Furthermore, it helps in increasing efficiencies and effectivity in managerial determination doing which will take to an addition in house s gross and public presentation 5.3 Transportation service: A Shared Service Department This is a subordinate of a big governmental authorization in Egypt. In Egypt, a service such as the transit service is regarded as portion of a production line for contracts in the building field. This analysis is carried out by questioning employees with a series of treatment as good. Here, it is concluded that ABB system can be implemented in traditionally managed environment and that this is good to the company itself. The company found that ABB is utile in cost trailing being able to observe cost of the service unit from each activity. ( Moustafa 2005 ) The merchandise transit service procedure can be traced excessively with ABB. It is able possible for them to place topographic points which capacity non to the full utilized in service sections with the assistance of ABB. ( Moustafa 2005 ) With that, it is able to set up nonsubjective control and public presentation rating measurings in the country of service section s activities. But, it must be noted that there will be some troubles while implementing ABB system. For case, there is an issue refering the scrutiny of cost information at manus. ( Navistar A ; McKinney, 1999 ) So, for the initiating phase of ABB, there is a demand of utilizing expensive resources to construct the ABB database to function as the foundation of this system. ( Cokins 2003 ) Furthermore, another restriction identified is the common one is puting steps for human labors based activity. It is ever difficult to make up ones mind which step to utilize because of flexibleness that characterizes human capacity. 6.0 Decision As stated earlier, Johnson and Kaplan believe that direction accounting is no longer a utile conceptual class for forming research activity. ( Otley 2007 ) Therefore, ABC, ABB and ABM are introduced and developed to get the better of restriction of traditional costing system. With mention to the unfavorable judgments of Johnson and Kaplan, traditional costing system tends to disregard merchandising and distribution cost and merely concentrate on fabrication cost. Therefore, development of the three systems such as ABC, ABB and ABM can work out the issue by including both fabrication and non-manufacturing cost in the computation. Furthermore, activities based on labour hours or cost has become undistinguished because of its flexibleness on which step to utilize. Through ABC system, the costing system is improved to supply better consequences cause of the assorted drivers based on different activities.A Furthermore, to make bing under the cover rate is unjust if all cost is charged utilizing the same rate since different merchandises have different ingestion of resources. With the activity based systems, bing is carried out based on resource ingestion which is said to be a fairer method. Last, since after ABC system is implemented, it is now become utile in determinations doing instead that merely serves the demands of fiscal coverage. As mentioned above, it is clear that ABC, ABB and ABM bring positive impacts by bettering managerial determination in their several Fieldss. ( 2317 words )

Gentlemans Agreement essays

Gentlemans Agreement essays Philip Greenwood is a magazine reporter that is offered a job in New York to publish a series on anti-Semitism. Greenwood is having a hard time finding an angle approaching the Hebrew religion. After several nights of no leads he decides to write his good friend from childhood and wants to ask, what is it like to be Jewish? Realizing just before he begins to type, there is no way of fully understanding what it feels like to be a minority unless he pretends to be Jewish himself. In order for him to make this project work few people know the truth about the new man that has arrived in New York City. Philip is a tall slender man with dark features such as his hair and eyes. He is able to pass as Jewish. What Greenwood doesnt realize is that it will effect his entire life style and the ones he loves. The project is under way, and he notices that with in one day word has spread throughout the entire magazine company that a new Jewish man has been assign an article to publish. Problem after problem start to occur after Philips little boy comes home from school confused on what religion he is. Greenwood explains to Tommy that in order to fully understand what it feels like to be Jewish he is acting as though he of the same religion. Philip has little problems along the way, until Dave is back from being over seas. Dave is the long time friend who faces the cruel world every day by being Jewish. Dave and Philip and another reporter go out on the town for a couple of drinks to talk about the old times. While Dave is sitting down in a chair, a rude man bumps in to him and asks his name. After hearing his last name the man was ready to fight. Philip had to step in between the two. He soon realized that anti-Semitism is no joke. Greenwoods project had been going along for about one month and he and his soon to be wife were having difficult times as well. P ...

How far a company in the UK faces barriers to new product innovation Essay

How far a company in the UK faces barriers to new product innovation - Essay Example enterprises were surveyed , mostly across the manufacturing and services sectors and predominantly those firms which had more than 10 employees, and focused primarily on the development of new products. The innovativeness of films in the 2005 survey was categorized into three distinct sub classes, i.e., (a) novel innovators, who introduced at least one new product in the market (b) imitating innovators who have not introduced at least one new product and (c) incomplete innovators, who had engaged in innovation activities but had not introduced any new product or process during the period. When all the participant firms were assessed on the basis of novel innovators, it may be noted that only 16% from all the various sectors were found to belong in this first category, as depicted in the graph below: As clearly evident from the graph above, manufacturing firms appear to have been the largest innovators, followed closely by financial and business services, and these sectors have also been the most profitable sectors. As compared to this, the approximate percentage of firms engaging in continuing new innovation activity in the same sectors in 2007 is provided in the table and graph below: It is significant to note that construction is the sector that shows the highest percentage of new innovation activity, while similar activities in the manufacturing sector appear to have declined (See Figute 3.1 in 2007 survey). However, when this is compared to the extent of continuing innovation activity, the graphical representation changes as follows: This reveals that innovation activity has been continuing in the manufacturing sector, while the extent of continuing innovation is low in the construction sector. This appears to suggest that the patterns of innovative activity have changed; the drive to develop new products was greater in the manufacturing sector in 2005 which has been continued, while the manufacturing sector may be experiencing a similar drive towards

The 5D Framework & Its Application towards Organizational Change Essay - 1

The 5D Framework & Its Application towards Organizational Change - Essay Example Therefore the primary thing we need to discuss is the reasons behind this extensive absenteeism. The probable cause can be many among which the environment is a strong factor. The environment consists of forces like the economy, political set up, technological factors, sociological and legal forces. These forces might affect an individual in several ways. For example, the economic condition of a country, specifically of an individual can force them to opt for other job opportunities. It is possible that the employees of the firm have opted for part time jobs in order to satisfy their & their family’s financial needs. It is also possible that the government of the country is offering better employment opportunities which are preferable in terms of salary, work conditions & work structure. The technology of the firm can also be a probable reason for the constant absenteeism as the employees might find it difficult to learn the new technologies & hence they are making excuse to a void those jobs which are highly technology oriented. The sociological factors might include that the employees are not getting enough recognition in their society for their work. It has been noted that the elderly care department is facing more absenteeism. The relevant cause might be the monotonous environment of the elderly care department. Also, the elderly people suffer from more health hazards which again might pose to be a discouraging element for the employees of that department as the general people do not like to stay near ailing people as the disease might make them sick too. A poor communications structure in the organization is considered to be one of the hindrances in the way of introducing the change.

The Human Being and Living The Good Life Essay Example for Free

The Human Being and Living The Good Life Essay This paper contains the different definitions of what it means to be a human being and living a good life. In this paper we will take a look at Hobbes and Augustine’s definition of the human being and the good life. Both of these philosophers give examples of what they think the good life is, and the desires of human nature. In this paper I will talk about Augustine and his thought of how in order to live a good life, one needs to seek God to find true happiness. I will also talk about what being a human being and living the good life means to Hobbes, and his thought of how human equality is the ticket to happiness and the good life. I think Augustine offers a more accurate description of the human being and the good life because I agree that true happiness can’t be found in earthly things. I believe there is much more to life than finding happiness and self-worth in success, money, fame, popularity, and etc. Life chasing after materialistic items won’t bring you happiness because you will always feel like there is something more you want and desire, the materialistic items won’t satisfy you. Augustine’s definition of the human nature is one that is a God-seeker. Augustine agrees with Plato that the human nature has a mind to think and choose. He also believes that human beings have the free will to choose between good and evil. He believes that the human beings search for ultimate fulfillment and happiness. He believes that the good life is a life following God. Augustine believes that the only way to find eternal happiness and live a fulfilled life is following God because human beings are born as natural sinners; only when we find God, the emptiness in our heart is filled with eternal love and happiness. His definition of the good life is not one free of suffering, troubles, or sorrow, but one with faith in God. He believes that the grace of God is what will make u s happy and a relationship with God is true happiness. He believes that when we seek materialistic existence it ultimately leads to despair. He believes that a person that chases materialistic items is one who is selfish, because that person is always thinking about what the world/ another person can do for me; A godly person is one who appreciates the world for who it is and  another person for who he/she is. A godly person finds the life fulfilled. He believes that because human beings are all sinners, chasing after materialistic items will only lead to more sin and addiction, it won’t give us the ultimate satisfaction and fulfillment. Augustine shares his personal experience with us about how he chased after materialistic items and stole for fun, but it was never enough to fulfill him. He talks about his lust and search for love, but he didn’t find true love, fulfillment, or happiness until he found God. Human beings are the same, they chase after fame, money, popularity, success, and material items, but they will always feel the void, emptiness, and unfulfilled. Materialistic happiness is only temporary. Ultimate fulfillment and happiness requires spiritual existence and not tangible existence. Hobbes believes that the definition of human nature is a person who desires happiness. Hobbes believes that happiness is relative to the individual. There is no universal happiness. Hobbes believes that human beings are self-centered, self- preservative, and desire power. Hobbes believed that the state of nature would lead to the state of war because there are no laws in the state of nature, human beings have absolute freedom and the absolute freedom will lead to a constant state of fear. Hobbes believes that human beings are self-centered and self-preservative because they think about themselves before thinking about others. Hobbes believes that the basic components of human nature are competitiveness, diffidence, and glory. We do whatever we can to defend what we have, which makes us diffident. We all seek to have the repetition that others admire, which makes us seeking of glory. Hobbes believes that human equality is the good life. He believes that humans are equal in terms of body and mind. We are equal in body because we all have the ability and strength to kill each other. We are equal in mind because of prudent and practical intelligence (knowledge gained through experience). We all share the ability to learn from experience. That is why for Hobbes, everyone deserves the same rights and all rights. He believes that the only way to reach happiness and the good life is equality because human beings are naturally competitive. If everyone and everything is equal, then the competition will not be there because everyone is getting all the same things and same rights and there is nothing to fight over, so there will be peace. I think Augustine gives a better description of the human being because I agree that chasing after materialistic items can’t fill the empty void that is felt in the heart, only the love and mercy of God can fill that empty void. I believe that God created us and we won’t feel that everlasting love or happiness until we find God again, and I believe that only He can fill that empty void in our hearts. The materialistic items can bring temporary happiness and joy but that happiness and joy will eventually go away, and you feel that emptiness again. I agree that all human beings are born as sinners and we go after materialistic items like money, fame, popularity, success, love, and etc., and even when we do have all those materialistic items, we always want more. Human beings are selfish and enough never seems to exist in our vocabulary. I can speak from my personal experience because I desire for money, success, love, fame, and popularity as well. Even though I have a part-time job and I’m making enough money for me to spend on food, daily necessities, clothes, entertainment, and enjoyment, it still doesn’t seem enough. I always want to make more money, because to me there is no such thing as too much money. I desire for success because being successful means you can make lots of money and get lots of fame and popularity. I like to feel loved, whether it is by friends, family, or a significant other. Like Augustine, I realized that all these materialistic items brings me temporary joy, happiness, and fulfillment but it doesn’t last because it still doesn’t feel like it’s enough to make me feel satisfied. It wasn’t until one of my friends starting bringing me to church, and I learned about God and the love and mercy He has shown us and given us; it was then that I realized that I need God in my life. After finding God and accepting Him, I felt the emptiness in my heart that I tried to fill with materialistic items and temporary happiness, was finally filled with eternal happiness and fulfillment. I knew that the good life and living a life following God didn’t mean that I wouldn’t be facing trouble or that life was going to be easy, that I wasn’t going to face trials, temptations, or sufferings, but I knew that a life following God meant happiness and faith and trust that God will be there for me no matter what. Having that faith in Him made me fill fulfilled. I also began looking at things differently, instead of thinking about myself and the things I can get from money, fame, popularity, or success, I began thinking about how I can give to others and society with  the success or money or fame I have or will have. I began to think of the things I can do for others or for society, instead of what others or the society can do for me. I became more selfless i nstead of being selfish. Even though my life isn’t perfect and I still face sufferings and trails daily, I feel fulfilled because I have God in my life; and I wasn’t able to feel this way or find this happiness when chasing after the materialistic goods. That is why I believe Augustine’s definition is an accurate one. We can spend our entire life searching for happiness and we can have all the money in the world, or all the fame and popularity in the world, and we can feel loved by our significant others and family members and friends, but we will still feel unhappy, empty, lonely, or something is missing. God alone can fill that emptiness and loneliness, no one or nothing else can fill it. That is why I believe that even though following God may not be perfect and easy, that everlasting happiness and eternal love is worth it. Hobbes is right that the human beings desire happiness and is selfish and competitive and want popularity. However, I disagree that there is no universal happiness. There is universal happiness for whoever finds God. I believe that because we were all born as sinners, accepting God as our savior and knowing that He loves us even after all the sin we commit, we’ve committed, and we will commit, will makes us feel loved and accepted by our Heavenly Father. That is the fulfillment we need. We can find everlasting love and eternal happiness in our Heavenly Father. That is why I believe that in order to have a good life, one has to seek God and live for and through Him.

Tupac :: essays research papers

Shakur and Wallace are known as two of the greatest rap artists of all time. Both of these men were murdered in the past 6 years. After the death of Shakur, there was a lot of controversy about who had killed him and if he was really dead or not. He was killed in 1996 so the talk had stopped for many years until last month. Before I get into the new findings, I’ll give you some background information. Wallace and Shakur were once good friends and then became enemies. Both men would rap mean, nasty stuff about each other and Shakur even claimed to have slept with Wallace’s wife, Faith Evans. Wallace was an East coast rapper and best friends with Sean "P. Diddy" Combs. They were both affiliated with Bad Boy Entertainment, which had close ties to the Crips gang. Tupac came to be associated with the West Coast rappers and Death Row Records. Death Row was owned by Marion "Suge" Knight, a former NFL player and a guy who was always up to no good. Suge Knight and Tupac were both members of the â€Å"Bloods† gang. This gang happened to be archrivals of the Crips. One night in Las Vegas in 1996, Tupac was in town for a Mike Tyson fight. After the fight, he and his friends beat up a Crip by the name of Orlando Anderson in a hotel lobby. Anderson had recently taken part in assault up one of Tupac's bodyguards. After the beating Anderson and his Crip friends quickly planned to get revenge on Shakur. This is where everything began to get interesting. In a new report from the L.A. Times, it says that the Notorious BIG himself was in Las Vegas at the time and was most involved in Tupac's death. The report also says that the murder weapon was supplied Christopher Wallace who agreed to pay the Crips $1 million to kill Shakur. In the article it says, "he didn't just want Shakur dead. He wanted the satisfaction of knowing the fatal bullet came from his gun." This gun was a .40-caliber Glock pistol that Biggie reportedly handed over to the Crips in a Vegas hotel room. The day after the article ran, Wallace’s family said that he was not even in Las Vegas at the time. Another report also said that a friend claims that he and Biggie were in Teaneck, N.

Bias in Historical Description Essay

The article reviewed was Behan McCullagh’s Bias in Historical Description, Interpretation, and Explanation in which he gave a brief but thorough outlook on the manner to which historical accounts are peppered with biased analysis and his opinion on how historians would be able to diminish, if not fully obliterate, from the nature of recounting past events. Why History is Biased McCullagh started of his piece by constructing four reasons as to why he thought that historical writings are mainly biased. His first reason was that he believed historians misinterpreted evidences without properly asserting the truth about its justification. His second reason was that information may already have been omitted by historians in compiling such past accounts that cater to make their views balanced. The third reason was that he deems general description of any historical information may include certain facts that are possibly false due to the uncertainty of most available sources. Lastly, his fourth reason was in reference to causal explanations, concisely described in the article as events that substantially modify the likelihood of the event, which are usually focused on a few important causes that renders a misleading point of view in the reader’s comprehension of the process of events (McCullagh, 2000). McCullagh voiced out that historians who often make mistakes in incorporating biases in their interpretations are typically motivated rather than accidental. He also noted difference between personal and cultural biases, delineating that the latter is far more difficult to be rectified than the other as it is ingrained, yet maintaining that historians must still try to do away with personal bias. He then goes on to further illustrate the concept of bias in historical accounts (McCullagh, 2000). The concept of Bias in Historical Accounts: McCullagh elucidated on the point that historians choose subjects which are of interests to them, inevitably providing a more partial basis to their interpretation of historical information. Consequently, historians are said to be products of their environment or culture, which will naturally hold general notions about the past. Thus, written accounts by historians are subjected to the availability of information gathered and on the decisions made through constant debates on what gets included and what should be disregarded. Such process is said to most likely offer misleading descriptions of historical accounts that have a particular cause (McCullagh, 2000). However, McCullagh has held that preconceived notions about a historical subject that are not biased could be observed in occurrences that involves transformation within a country’s economy as well as social structures. Biases are only attached when selective causes are highlighted while others of equal importance are disregarded (McCullagh, 2000). The perception of biases in constructing history should be avoided as according to McCullagh it provides a deceptive account of the historical subject which may cause misunderstandings and unnecessary negative consequences in conflict-driven situations. McCullagh presented three reasons as to why there are some who think that there is no way to evade the prospect of bias in historical accounts. First was that the interests of historians are automatically considered in determining the historical importance of a subject, the information extracted and the word preferences to use. The second was that preconceptions of historians and their contemporaries have biased point of views and the third one is the reiterated thought that historians have ingrained cultural beliefs and principles (McCullagh, 2000). Overcoming Personal Bias: McCullagh presented his opinion on how historians could be able to avoid injecting biases in interpreting historical data. He stated that historians should be committed to standards of rational thinking that would bring about a justified description of the past. One way to impose this is through peer reviews so as to motivate historians to follow certain acceptable guidelines in rational inquiry. The role of the historian is an important factor in maintaining social responsibility and creating a fair account of historical events (McCullagh, 2000). He denotes that multiplicity in perspectives is another way to produce rational historical inquiry as it presents different views of witnesses which melds relevant information into one account (McCullagh, 2000). McCullagh also pondered upon the notion that for people to prevail over biases, historians must accept that historiography is limited within itself and that the end of the discipline should also be considered in interpreting the past in a postmodern view (McCullagh, 2000). Reference: McCullagh, C. B. 2000. â€Å"Bias in Historical Description, Interpretation, and Explanation. † History & Theory 39(1): 39 – 66.

Why Is Not Student Loan Forgiveness - 1161 Words

Student loan forgiveness remains such a vital topic to many individuals because the exorbitant costs of post-secondary education require a majority of students to take on debt in order to simply improve themselves and advance intellectually. Thousands of students are graduating college every year, each with several thousands of dollars in debt. This area is important to research because it will provide insight into the futures of all college students immersed in the deep debt that appears to consistently accompany a quality education. Finances are important to many college students, especially when it is hard to receive scholarships to cover schooling expenses. When going through college, students stress about the amount of debt that they acquire throughout their post-secondary schooling and learning about the potential to have these debts forgiven is monumental. In order to be able to afford the future, it is important to understand the amount of loan debt and the possibility for debt forgiveness to be able to proceed through life. This essay seeks to address the question of whether or not student loan forgiveness is currently adequate for assisting graduates in need of financial assistance. The subject of student loan forgiveness tends to warrant strong opinions from many about whether or not they should occur. In many circumstances, student loans should be forgiven, or at least partially forgiven, and the process to do so should be heavily revised in order to make thisShow MoreRelatedStudent Debt Is Tough And Federal Loan865 Words   |  4 PagesThe qualifications for the program are tough and federal loan forgiveness only applies to federal Direct Loans, not private student loans. 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